An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that analyses the electrical current produced by the heart, recording a person’s heart rate and heart rhythm (how fast and rhythmically the heart beats). The test is performed with a suitable device (electrocardiograph) that records on paper the electrical signal produced by the heart during its function.
Why is the test performed?
The test is performed by the doctor when there is a suspicion of the presence of a heart condition. When there are symptoms compatible with heart disease, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, tachycardia or bradycardia, and loss of consciousness, it is a valuable test for diagnosing a possible disease. Its value is great, as it contributes to the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia, the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, angina pectoris and other pathological conditions. It is also useful for the regular monitoring of patients with heart disease, as well as for the preventive screening of people who are going to participate in sports activities.
How is the examination performed?
For the ECG, the doctor will connect special electrodes to the chest, arms and legs of the examinee, which are connected to the cardiograph. Then the examinee remains still and the ECG is recorded. The examination is completely painless and its duration does not exceed two minutes. The ECG is harmless as it only records the electrical current of the heart without “giving” an electric current to the body of the examinee. Some people may develop a small rash at the site where the electrodes are placed, due to skin irritation.
Examination Preparation
Before an ECG, the patient should be calm and for a few hours before not have exercised vigorously, drunk coffee or taken medication without a doctor’s order. The result can even be affected by speech or mobility.