Rectal magnetic resonance imaging (rectal MRI) is a specialized imaging examination that uses magnetic resonance imaging to provide detailed images of the rectum and surrounding tissues. This examination is particularly useful for the diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of rectal diseases such as rectal cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases, or other lesions. It provides detailed images of the rectal walls and surrounding tissues. It is a non-invasive examination without radiation exposure, which helps in making treatment decisions for the patient.
Rectal MRI is indicated in the following cases:
- Staging of rectal cancer before treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy)
- Assessment of tumor extent and possible invasion of surrounding tissues and lymph nodes
- Monitoring response to treatment
- Investigation of inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
- Evaluation of perirectal abscesses or fistulas
Procedure
The patient is usually positioned lying on their back inside the MRI scanner. Special contrast agents or endorectal gel may be used for better visualization. The examination lasts approximately 30–45 minutes and is painless.